Implementation of Perturb & Observe MPPT Algorithm for Solar PV System Part1
Introduction
The Perturb and Observe (P&O) Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) algorithm is essential for optimizing the energy output of solar photovoltaic (PV) systems. This post outlines the fundamental concepts and implementation steps of the P&O algorithm in MATLAB.
Understanding the P&O Algorithm
Before diving into implementation, it's crucial to grasp the basics of the P&O algorithm, including its flowchart and various cases. The algorithm primarily involves measuring voltage and current to calculate power output at both current and previous instants.
Key Parameters
Current Instant (I): The instantaneous current measurement.
Previous Instant (I_prev): The last recorded current measurement.
Power (P): Calculated from voltage (V) and current (I).
Power Difference (ΔP): The difference in power between current and previous measurements.
Voltage Difference (ΔV): The difference in voltage between current and previous measurements.
Implementing the Algorithm: Case Analysis
The P&O algorithm operates through several cases that dictate adjustments to the duty cycle of the converter connected to the solar panel.
Case 1
Current Power: 28 W; Previous Power: 35 W
Power Difference: ΔP = 28 W - 35 W = -7 W
Voltage Difference: ΔV = 7 V - 9 V = -2 V
Since both ΔP and ΔV are negative, the duty cycle is increased to move towards the maximum power point (MPP).
Case 2
Current Power: 45 W; Previous Power: 50 W
Power Difference: ΔP = 45 W - 50 W = -5 W
Voltage Difference: ΔV = 19 V - 18.5 V = +0.5 V
With ΔP negative and ΔV positive, the duty cycle is decreased to reach the MPP.
Case 3
Current Power: 35 W; Previous Power: 25 W
Power Difference: ΔP = 35 W - 25 W = +10 W
Voltage Difference: ΔV = 20 V - 21 V = -1 V
As ΔP is positive and ΔV is negative, the duty cycle is decreased to navigate towards the MPP.
Case 4
Current Power: 18 W; Previous Power: 12 W
Power Difference: ΔP = 18 W - 12 W = +6 W
Voltage Difference: ΔV = 5 V - 3 V = +2 V
Both ΔP and ΔV being positive necessitate an increase in the duty cycle to approach the MPP.
Conclusion
The P&O algorithm effectively adjusts the duty cycle based on power and voltage differences to maximize energy extraction from solar panels. The next steps will focus on practical implementation of the P&O algorithm using MATLAB, facilitating real-time optimization of solar PV systems.
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