PV Wind Battery Based DC Microgrid POMPPT in MATLAB
Introduction
Welcome to another solution where we explore a simulation model of a DC microgrid powered by a combination of wind energy, photovoltaic (PV) solar energy, and battery storage. This setup represents a sustainable and eco-friendly energy generation and distribution system that can find applications in electric vehicle (EV) charging stations and remote areas.
Components of the Simulation Model
Wind Power Generation:
The wind power generation component features a Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generator (PMSG) connected to a wind turbine model.
The wind turbine receives inputs such as wind speed and rotor speed.
The PMSG generates alternating current (AC) power, which varies with wind speed.
A Universal Bridge rectifier converts AC to direct current (DC).
PV Power Generation:
The PV panel array consists of eight panels in series, with three parallel strings.
Total power generation from the PV panels is approximately 6 kilowatts.
Each PV panel has a power rating of 250 watts, a maximum voltage of 30.7 volts, and a maximum current of 8.15 amps.
A boost converter steps up the PV panel voltage from 245 volts to 400 volts to match the DC bus voltage.
Battery Energy Storage:
The battery system has a rating of 240 volts and 40 ampere-hours (Ah).
It is connected to the DC bus.
A bi-directional converter enables bidirectional energy flow, allowing the battery to charge or discharge as needed.
The converter is controlled by a voltage control method to maintain the DC bus voltage at around 400 volts.
DC Microgrid:
The DC microgrid or DC grid serves as the common DC bus, where all the generated power is injected.
The microgrid manages power distribution to loads and charging/discharging of the battery.
Simulation Operation
The simulation model is designed to operate under varying environmental conditions, including changes in wind speed and solar radiation. Here is an overview of how the system operates:
Wind Power Generation:
The PMSG generates AC power based on wind speed and rotor speed.
The Universal Bridge rectifier converts the AC power to DC.
A boost converter increases the voltage from 200-300 volts to 400 volts.
PV Power Generation:
The PV panel array generates power based on sunlight intensity.
A boost converter increases the PV panel voltage from 245 volts to 400 volts to match the DC bus voltage.
Battery Energy Storage:
The battery is charged or discharged based on the power balance of the system.
The bi-directional converter controls the direction of energy flow.
DC Microgrid:
The DC microgrid manages the distribution of power to loads and the battery.
The PA controller maintains the DC bus voltage at 400 volts.
Simulation Results
The simulation model is subjected to changes in wind speed and solar radiation. Key results and observations include:
The wind power generation and PV power generation systems effectively track their respective maximum power points.
The battery operates in both charging and discharging modes to maintain power balance.
The DC bus voltage remains stable at approximately 400 volts.
Load power consumption varies with changes in wind speed and solar radiation.
Conclusion
This simulation model showcases the operation of a DC microgrid powered by wind energy, PV solar energy, and battery storage. Such microgrids offer sustainable and reliable energy solutions, especially in areas with intermittent grid access or for EV charging stations.
By efficiently harnessing renewable energy sources and utilizing advanced control systems, these microgrids contribute to reduced carbon emissions and increased energy resilience. They serve as a promising solution for a greener and more sustainable future.
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