Voltage sag mitigation in 16 bus distribution system using UPQC
Introduction to UPQC and 16-Bus Distribution System
The UPQC is a device used to improve power quality by mitigating voltage sags, swells, and other disturbances in power systems. In this session, we will implement UPQC in a 16-bus distribution system to address voltage sag issues.
Source of Data for the 16-Bus Distribution System
The data for our 16-bus distribution system is sourced from the paper titled "Distribution Feeder Reconfiguration for Loss Reduction." The model represents a 23 kV distribution system, and all details are implemented as described in the paper.
Model Overview
Here is an overview of the 16-bus distribution system model:
Incoming line
Buses: 1 to 16
Loads connected to each bus
Simulating Voltage Sag Due to Fault Event
First, we will simulate a fault event at bus number 12 between 0.2 and 0.3 seconds to observe the voltage sag in the system.
Simulation Results
The RMS voltage at bus 12 drops to zero.
Significant voltage sags observed in buses 8, 9, 10, and 11.
Bus 8: Voltage drop around 40%
Bus 9: Voltage drop around 70%
Bus 10: Voltage drop around 60%
Bus 11: Voltage drop around 70%
Simulating Voltage Sag Due to Induction Motor Starting
Next, we will connect an induction motor to bus number 16 and start it at 0.25 seconds to observe the impact on the system voltage.
Simulation Results
Voltage sags occur in buses 13, 14, and 15 due to the induction motor starting.
The system experiences a drop in voltage in the affected buses.
Combined Impact of Fault Event and Induction Motor Starting
We will simulate the combined impact of a fault event at bus number 12 and the starting of an induction motor at bus number 16.
Simulation Results
Buses 4, 5, 6, and 7 maintain voltage around 1 p.u.
Significant voltage sags observed in buses 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, and 16.
Mitigating Voltage Sag Using UPQC
To address the voltage sag issues, we will use UPQC in the system.
Mitigating Voltage Sag Due to Fault Event
We connect the UPQC at bus number 12, where the fault occurs.
Simulation Results
Despite the fault at 0.2 seconds, the voltage is maintained at 1 p.u. in all buses.
UPQC effectively mitigates the voltage sag caused by the fault event.
Mitigating Voltage Sag Due to Induction Motor Starting
We connect the UPQC between the induction motor and the distribution system at bus number 16.
Simulation Results
At 0.25 seconds, the induction motor starts, causing a spike in voltage.
The voltage is quickly restored to 1 p.u. across all buses.
UPQC successfully mitigates the voltage sag caused by the induction motor starting.
Mitigating Combined Voltage Sag Due to Both Events
We connect one UPQC between bus number 16 and the distribution system for the induction motor, and another UPQC at bus number 12 for the fault event.
Simulation Results
The voltage is maintained at 1 p.u. across all buses despite the fault and induction motor starting.
UPQC effectively mitigates voltage sags due to both events.
Conclusion
This session demonstrated the effectiveness of UPQC in mitigating voltage sags in a 16-bus distribution system caused by fault events and the starting of induction motors.
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